Incidence (cases per 100,000 population) was calculated by dividing the number of infections in 2020 by the U.S. ¶ Death was attributed to infection when it occurred during hospitalization or within 7 days after specimen collection for nonhospitalized patients. In this analysis, patients with no history of international travel or unknown travel were considered to have domestically acquired infection. Cyclospora infections are defined as detection of the parasite using ultraviolet fluorescence microscopy, specific stains, or polymerase chain reaction. monocytogenes or detection of its nucleic acid sequences from a normally sterile site, or from placental or fetal tissue in the instance of miscarriage or stillbirth.
§ Listeria infections are defined as isolation of L. Bacterial infections are defined as isolation of bacteria from a clinical specimen by culture or detection of pathogen antigen, nucleic acid sequence, or, for STEC, † Shiga toxin or Shiga toxin genes by a culture-independent diagnostic test (CIDT). population (approximately 50 million persons per U.S. Consumers can reduce their risk of foodborne illness by following safe food-handling and preparation recommendations.įoodNet conducts active, population-based surveillance of laboratory-diagnosed infections caused by Campylobacter, Cyclospora, Listeria, Salmonella, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Shigella, Vibrio, and Yersinia reported from 10 sites covering approximately 15% of the U.S. To reduce the incidence of these infections concerted efforts are needed, from farm to processing plant to restaurants and homes. As the pandemic continues, surveillance of illness combined with data from other sources might help to elucidate the factors that led to the large changes in 2020 this understanding could lead to improved strategies to prevent illness. Other factors, such as changes in health care delivery, health care–seeking behaviors, and laboratory testing practices, might have decreased the detection of enteric infections. These widespread interventions as well as other changes to daily life and hygiene behaviors, including increased handwashing, have likely changed exposures to foodborne pathogens. Federal travel restrictions were declared ( 1).
After the declaration, state and local officials implemented stay-at-home orders, restaurant closures, school and child care center closures, and other public health interventions to slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 ( 1). On March 13, 2020, the United States declared a national emergency in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The extent to which these reductions reflect actual decreases in illness or decreases in case detection is unknown. During 2020, observed incidences of infections caused by enteric pathogens decreased 26% compared with 2017–2019 infections associated with international travel decreased markedly. This report summarizes preliminary 2020 data and describes changes in incidence with those during 2017–2019. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS), and the Food and Drug Administration. sites.* FoodNet is a collaboration among CDC, 10 state health departments, the U.S. To evaluate progress toward prevention of foodborne illnesses in the United States, the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) of CDC’s Emerging Infections Program monitors the incidence of laboratory-diagnosed infections caused by eight pathogens transmitted commonly through food reported by 10 U.S. doi:10.1186/s4168-1.Foodborne illnesses are a substantial and largely preventable public health problem before 2020 the incidence of most infections transmitted commonly through food had not declined for many years. 10. Lurienne L, Bandinelli PA, Galvain T, Coursel CA, Oneto C, Feuerstadt P. 9. Olsen MA, Yan Y, Reske KA, Zilberberg MD, Dubberke ER.
7. Olsen MA, Yan Y, Reske KA, Zilberberg M, Dubberke ER. 6. McFarland LV, Surawicz CM, Greenberg RN, et al. 3. Desai K, Gupta SB, Dubberke ER, Prabhu VS, Browne C, Mast TC. Department of Health and Human Services, 2019.
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